Financial
Express —
August 15, 2004
Jamsetji
Nusserwanji Tata’s life has been chronicled as early as 1914, in the
first decade since he passed away in May 1904. The author of The Life
and Life Work of J N Tata, Sir Dinshaw Wacha, was a former employee of
Jamsetji’s Svedeshi Mills, who later became president of the Indian
National Congress. The 1925 biography, J N Tata: A Chronicle of Life,
though, was by a lecturer in history at the London School of
Economics, F R Harris.
Obviously the
native, who a newspaper editor described as the man "who looked
boldly into the future and peering beyond the hand-to-mouth practice
of his competitors discerned the possibility of an India which would
embrace the complete economic cycle" had made an imprint on
British minds. And why ever not? Jamsetji thought of harnessing hydro
electric power for his textile mills as early as 1873. He gave Empress
Mill workers ventilation and dehumidifying plants and a Provident Fund
Scheme as early as 1886. Most of Jamsetji’s bequests to
industrialising India, though, really saw the light of day after he
passed away in May 1904.
The Indian
Institute of Science in Bangalore, (born out of a long-drawn-out
battle of will with Lord Curzon, who had asked "where are the
students qualified enough to enter such a university?") opened
its doors in 1911. The Tata Iron and Steel Company plant in Bihar
rolled out steel in 1912 and the city of Bombay switched on hydro
electric power in 1915. Only the Taj Mahal Hotel reared its dome on
the Bombay horizon during his lifetime.
Russi M Lala,
author of The Creation of Wealth and other tomes on the Tata empire,
attempts to go beyond a chronicle of events in For the love of India.
He etches the entrepreneur in his political surroundings. In the
1880s, Lala points out, "The intelligentsia realized that a lot
of the wealth of India was being funnelled to England, and the need to
patronize Indian goods was important." Jamsetji had to fence with
the powers that be, for tariffs that affected the competitiveness of
Indian cloth, on rates levied on houses in the new suburbs of Bombay
and over higher rates for shipments from India to the Far East.
True,
the Empress Mills opened on January 1, 1877, the
day Queen Victoria was proclaimed ‘Empress of
India’ and Jamsetji had many friends among the
British. Yet, says R M Lala, Jamsetji really shared
Dadabhai Naoroji’s craving for "self-rule
under British Paramountcy". "Dadabhai
and Jamsetji," Lala writes, ‘‘were also critical
of the impact of British rule on the Indian economy."
He tells us that Jamsetji was present at the first
session of the Indian National Congress in Bombay,
supported it financially and remained its member
all his life.